Inherent Properties, Identifiers and References
ChemSpider ID: 172
Empirical Formula: C2H4O
Molecular Weight: 44.0526
Nominal Mass: 44 Da
Average Mass: 44.0526 Da
Monoisotopic Mass: 44.026215 Da
Quick Links: Permalink Similar Isomers
Systematic Name: acetaldehyde
SMILES: O=CC
InChI: InChI=1/C2H4O/c1-2-3/h2H,1H3
InChIKey: IKHGUXGNUITLKF-UHFFFAOYAB
(Details...) Wikipedia Article(s)
Acetaldehyde, sometimes known as ethanal, is an organic chemical compound with the formula CH3CHO or MeCHO. It is a flammable liquid with a fruity smell. Acetaldehyde occurs naturally in ripe fruit, coffee, and fresh bread, and is produced by plants as part of their normal metabolism. It is popularly known as the chemical that causes hangovers. In the chemical industry, acetaldehyde is used as an intermediate in the production of acetic acid, certain esters, and a number of other chemicals. In 1989, US production stood at 740 million pounds (336,000 tonnes). An important production method for acetaldehyde is the Wacker process. Read more... or Edit at Wikipedia...
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User Data

  • experimental physchem properties
    • Melting Point: 192-196 subl.
    • Melting Point: -128
    • Melting Point: -124 C
    • Boiling Point: 20.8
    • Boiling Point: 69F
    • Boiling Point: 21°
    • Boiling Point: 20 C
    • Flash Point: 55(131F)
    • Flash Point: -27(-17F)
    • Flash Point: -36F
    • Flash Point: -39 C
    • Freezing Point: -190F
    • Specific Gravity: 0.780
    • Specific Gravity: 0.79
    • Specific Gravity: 0.804-0.811(0°/20°)
    • Refraction Index: 1.3316
    • Refraction Index: 1.360-1.380
    • Solubility: Miscible
    • Ionization Potential: 10.22 eV
    • Vapor Pressure: 740 mmHg
  • miscellaneous
    • Appearance: Colorless liquid or gas (above 69F) with a pungent, fruity odor.
    • Appearance: colourless liquid
    • Appearance: flammable, colourless liquiduid/pungent ethereal odour
    • Stability: Stable, but air sensitive. Substances to be avoided include strong oxidizing agents, strong acids, reducing agents, alkalies, halogens, halogen oxides. Highly flammable.Vapour/air mixtures explosive over a very wide concentration range. May form peroxides in storage.
    • Toxicity: ORL-RAT LD50 661 mg kg-1, SKN-RBT LD50 3540 mg kg-1
    • Safety: DANGER: FLAMMABLE, irritates skin and eyes
    • Safety: DANGER: FLAMMABLE, causes CNS effects, irritates skin & eyes
    • Safety: Safety glasses. Effective ventilation.
    • First Aid: Eye: Irrigate immediately Skin: Water flush promptly Breathing: Respiratory support Swallow: Medical attention immediately
    • Exposure Routes: inhalation, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact
    • Symptoms: Irritation eyes, nose, throat; eye, skin burns; dermatitis; conjunctivitis; cough; central nervous system depression; delayed pulmonary edema; in animals: kidney, reproductive, teratogenic effects; [p otential occupational carcinogen]
    • Target Organs: Eyes, skin, respiratory system, kidneys, central nervous system, reproductive system Cancer Site [in animals: nasal cancer]
    • Incompatibilities and Reactivities: Strong oxidizers, acids, bases, alcohols, ammonia & amines, phenols, ketones, HCN, H2S [Note: Prolonged contact with air may cause formation of peroxides that may explode and burst containers; easily undergoes polymerization.]
    • Personal protection and Sanitation: Skin: Prevent skin contact Eyes: Prevent eye contact Wash skin: When contaminated Remove: When wet (flammable) Change: No recommendation Provide: Eyewash, Quick drench
Names and Synonyms

Validated by Experts, Validated by Users, Non-Validated, Removed by Users, Redirected by Users, Redirect Approved by Experts

1632-89-9 [RN]

216-641-6 [EINECS/ELINCS]

223-921-1 [EINECS/ELINCS]

4122-13-8 [RN]

ethaldehy​de

[1-2H1]ac​etaldehyde

[2H4]acet​aldehyde

12772-68-8 [RN]

200-836-8 [EINECS/ELINCS]

75-07-0 [RN]

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Database ID(s)

Validated by Experts, Validated by Users, Non-Validated, Removed by Users, Redirected by Users, Redirect Approved by Experts

(Details...) Predicted Properties
LogP: ACD/LogP: -0.16
XLogP: 0.30
ALOGPS: -0.01
# of Rule of 5 Violations: 0
ACD/LogD (pH 5.5): -0.16 ACD/LogD (pH 7.4): -0.16
ACD/BCF (pH 5.5): 1 ACD/BCF (pH 7.4): 1
ACD/KOC (pH 5.5): 19.58 ACD/KOC (pH 7.4): 19.58
#H bond acceptors: 1 #H bond donors: 0
#Freely Rotating Bonds: 0 Polar Surface Area: 17.07 Å2
Index of Refraction: 1.314 Molar Refractivity: 11.5 cm3
Molar Volume: 58.8 cm3 Polarizability: 4.55 10-24cm3
Surface Tension: 17.6 dyne/cm Density: 0.748 g/cm3
Flash Point: °C Enthalpy of Vaporization: 25.76 kJ/mol
Boiling Point: 18.6 °C at 760 mmHg Vapour Pressure: 965 mmHg at 25°C
            
 Log Octanol-Water Partition Coef (SRC):
    Log Kow (KOWWIN v1.67 estimate) =  -0.17
    Log Kow (Exper. database match) =  -0.34
       Exper. Ref:  TSCATS

 Boiling Pt, Melting Pt, Vapor Pressure Estimations (MPBPWIN v1.42):
    Boiling Pt (deg C):  33.83  (Adapted Stein & Brown method)
    Melting Pt (deg C):  -106.38  (Mean or Weighted MP)
    VP(mm Hg,25 deg C):  910  (Mean VP of Antoine & Grain methods)
    MP  (exp database):  -123 deg C
    BP  (exp database):  20.1 deg C
    VP  (exp database):  9.02E+02 mm Hg at 25 deg C

 Water Solubility Estimate from Log Kow (WSKOW v1.41):
    Water Solubility at 25 deg C (mg/L):  2.568e+005
       log Kow used: -0.34 (expkow database)
       no-melting pt equation used
     Water Sol (Exper. database match) =  1e+006 mg/L (25 deg C)
        Exper. Ref:  RIDDICK,JA ET AL. (1986)

 Water Sol Estimate from Fragments:
    Wat Sol (v1.01 est) =  4.7667e+005 mg/L
    Wat Sol (Exper. database match) =  1000000.00
       Exper. Ref:  RIDDICK,JA ET AL. (1986)

 ECOSAR Class Program (ECOSAR v0.99h):
    Class(es) found:
       Aldehydes

 Henrys Law Constant (25 deg C) [HENRYWIN v3.10]:
   Bond Method :   6.78E-005  atm-m3/mole
   Group Method:   6.00E-005  atm-m3/mole
   Exper Database: 6.67E-05  atm-m3/mole
 Henrys LC [VP/WSol estimate using EPI values]:  1.715E-004 atm-m3/mole

 Log Octanol-Air Partition Coefficient (25 deg C) [KOAWIN v1.10]:
  Log Kow used:  -0.34  (exp database)
  Log Kaw used:  -2.564  (exp database)
      Log Koa (KOAWIN v1.10 estimate):  2.224
      Log Koa (experimental database):  None

 Probability of Rapid Biodegradation (BIOWIN v4.10):
   Biowin1 (Linear Model)         :   1.0112
   Biowin2 (Non-Linear Model)     :   0.9999
 Expert Survey Biodegradation Results:
   Biowin3 (Ultimate Survey Model):   3.1241  (weeks       )
   Biowin4 (Primary Survey Model) :   3.9808  (days        )
 MITI Biodegradation Probability:
   Biowin5 (MITI Linear Model)    :   0.9929
   Biowin6 (MITI Non-Linear Model):   0.9823
 Anaerobic Biodegradation Probability:
   Biowin7 (Anaerobic Linear Model):  0.8791
 Ready Biodegradability Prediction:   YES

Hydrocarbon Biodegradation (BioHCwin v1.01):
    Structure incompatible with current estimation method!

 Sorption to aerosols (25 Dec C)[AEROWIN v1.00]:
  Vapor pressure (liquid/subcooled):  1.2E+005 Pa (902 mm Hg)
  Log Koa (Koawin est  ): 2.224
   Kp (particle/gas partition coef. (m3/ug)):
       Mackay model           :  2.49E-011 
       Octanol/air (Koa) model:  4.11E-011 
   Fraction sorbed to airborne particulates (phi):
       Junge-Pankow model     :  9.01E-010 
       Mackay model           :  2E-009 
       Octanol/air (Koa) model:  3.29E-009 

 Atmospheric Oxidation (25 deg C) [AopWin v1.92]:
   Hydroxyl Radicals Reaction:
      OVERALL OH Rate Constant =  16.9800 E-12 cm3/molecule-sec
      Half-Life =     0.630 Days (12-hr day; 1.5E6 OH/cm3)
      Half-Life =     7.559 Hrs
   Ozone Reaction:
      No Ozone Reaction Estimation
   Fraction sorbed to airborne particulates (phi): 1.45E-009 (Junge,Mackay)
    Note: the sorbed fraction may be resistant to atmospheric oxidation

 Soil Adsorption Coefficient (PCKOCWIN v1.66):
      Koc    :  1.498
      Log Koc:  0.176 

 Aqueous Base/Acid-Catalyzed Hydrolysis (25 deg C) [HYDROWIN v1.67]:
    Rate constants can NOT be estimated for this structure!

 Bioaccumulation Estimates from Log Kow (BCFWIN v2.17):
   Log BCF from regression-based method = 0.500 (BCF = 3.162)
       log Kow used: -0.34 (expkow database)

 Volatilization from Water:
    Henry LC:  6.67E-005 atm-m3/mole  (Henry experimental database)
    Half-Life from Model River:      6.503  hours
    Half-Life from Model Lake :      126.6  hours   (5.275 days)

 Removal In Wastewater Treatment:
    Total removal:               5.20  percent
    Total biodegradation:        0.09  percent
    Total sludge adsorption:     1.70  percent
    Total to Air:                3.41  percent
      (using 10000 hr Bio P,A,S)

 Level III Fugacity Model:
           Mass Amount    Half-Life    Emissions
            (percent)        (hr)       (kg/hr)
   Air       3.9             16.2         1000       
   Water     49.5            360          1000       
   Soil      46.5            720          1000       
   Sediment  0.0909          3.24e+003    0          
     Persistence Time: 253 hr




        
(Details...) Spectra
Type: HNMR
Comments: This data was aquired on the Widener University QE-300 NMR by Dr Scott E. Van Bramer. These files may be freely used for educational purposes provided that the original source is acknowledged. Many of these compounds are student samples, and they may include some impurities.
Type: CNMR
Comments: This data was aquired on the Widener University QE-300 NMR by Dr Scott E. Van Bramer. These files may be freely used for educational purposes provided that the original source is acknowledged. Many of these compounds are student samples, and they may include some impurities.